The Progressive Era saw more effective efforts to reign in Tammanys strength. Direct link to GKeenan2021's post are there any similaritie, Posted 3 years ago. A) Growing influence of populist political arguments. Two of the variables measured were (1) the amount of dioxide (milligrams/liter) present in the water specimen and (2) whether or not oil was present in the water specimen. By the early 1800s, Tammany leaders had to reassess their political direction. C) They moved westward in large numbers to escape segregationist laws. They remained opposed to the powerful Clinton machine, though they were considered the less influential group until the War of 1812 brought a change of fortune. Tammany leadership passed to a former police officer, John Kelly, who had personally avoided the taint of Tweed scandals and was able to take power with the mantle of a reformer. $$ Led to growth of suburbs. D) The ban on immigration from eastern Asia. Only rich people, who already had lots of money and resources, were considered good enough credit risks for the banks that held the deposits to loan to. R(t)=\frac{100}{t+1}+5\qquad 0\leq{t}\leq20 Originally known as the Society of St. Tammany or the Columbian Order, the group modelled itself after a similar association organized in Philadelphia in 1772 whose stated purpose was to promote pure Americanism., The name Tammany came from Chief Tammanend, a Lenni-Lenape Chief who had negotiated in the 1600s with William Penn in an effort to achieve peaceful coexistence with the Quaker colonists. State owed nothing but law, order, basic political rights, Essay by Andrew Carnegie WebPolitical Machine Well organized political organization that controls election results by awarding jobs and other favors in exchange for votes. All the words in the following list are nouns. D) The demand for inexpensive labor led industrialists to advocate increased immigration. A party organization that recruits voter loyalty with tangible incentives and is characterized by a high degree of control over member activity. supplies, 30 percent on tuition, 30 percent on rent, 10 percent on food and What are some examples of political machines? In order to protect their valuable resources, oil companies spend millions of dollars researching ways to prevent biodegradation of crude oil. However, more accountable and honest democratic processes were instituted later in the Progressive Era, such as reforms of initiative, referendum, and High school APUSH teacher with much in-class and online teaching experience. C) Ewen asserts that some immigrants sought personal fulfilment, whereas Bodnar asserts that most immigrants focused on supporting their families over individualism. WebChapter 23 - Political Paralysis in the Gilded Age. B) They provided some welfare for poor immigrants in exchange for political support. Fought for end to child labor, better working conditions, higher wages, shorter hours, etc. To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. Originally known as the, , the group modelled itself after a similar association organized in Philadelphia in 1772 whose stated purpose was to promote pure Americanism., , a Lenni-Lenape Chief who had negotiated in the 1600s with William Penn in an effort to achieve peaceful coexistence with the Quaker colonists. The excesses of the Tweed ring (such as expensive bribes made at the taxpayers' expense) led to an outcry for political reform. This established a repetitive cycle of relatively weak presidents who owed many political favors that could be repaid through one prerogative power: patronage. Sullivan, along with Daniel Burnham, was a founder of the "Chicago School" of architecture that used a steel structural frame, large windows to admit maximum light, and little exterior ornamentation. C) They faced declining working conditions. which of the following ethnic groups was part of the wave of the "new" immigrants that entered the united states at the turn of the century? A silver standard? Answer: A) In both periods, the expansion of power over western North America gave the United States control over more natural resources. A) Social Darwinists argued that competition among immigrant workers would benefit the economy. C) Manufacturing spread in the early 1800s, allowing more efficient production. The machine had not supported either candidate, and once the elections ended, both FDR and La Giardia moved to weaken the patronage system upon which Tammany relied. The Gilded Age began shortly before the start of Americas Second Industrial Revolution and ended ten years after the start of the Progressive Era. This corruption is usually tied to patronage; the exchange of jobs, lucrative contracts and other political favors for votes, campaign contributions and sometimes outright bribes. Answer: B) They organized reform movements in order to fight for political equality. Answer: C) Populists sought new markets for United States agricultural goods overseas. Voter turnout in the Gilded Age reached an all-time high. Listed below are nine technical accounting terms used in this chapter: Tammany Hall members adopted many Native American terms and symbols, for example calling their meeting hall a wigwam and their leader a Grand Sachem.. The group took a more political turn in 1789 when it incorporated with the stated purpose of opposition to the rule of the Federalist Party, which they saw as too aristocratic. B) Bodnar claims that immigrants were supported by family networks, whereas Ewen claims that immigrants depended mostly on their own initiative. A political machine is a. b. His demise did not mean the end of Tammany power, however. New yorkCommonwealth Edison Co.s slow-selling new 9 1/4% bonds were tossed onto the resale market at a reduced price with about$70 million still available from the $200 million offered Thursday, dealers said. Stole millions from taxpayers using fraud and overinflation D) New industrial machines increased the number of goods that factories could make. Theres no doubt that Tammany Hall played a major role in the history of New York City. Not only is urban history a field unto itself, it also touches on social, economic, political, and technological history. Tammany Hall was a nineteenth and twentieth century New York City political machine that got its start in the 1780s as a benevolent society. Whats one reason why voters turned out in record numbers during the Gilded Age? He eventually attracted the censure of reform-minded journalists and disgruntled competitors and was finally toppled by the joint efforts of the New York Times, State Attorney General Samuel Tilden, and political cartoonist Thomas Nast. C) Encourage settlement west of the Mississippi River. AP is a trademark registered by the College Board, which is not affliated with, and does not endorse, this website. How is that possible? As the Irish population of New York City grew, so did the influence of the Tammany machine, whose leaders managed to ignore the ever-increasing charges of bribery and corruption laid at their feet. agencies, in response to rising power of big business, increasing gap b/w rich and poor, violent conflict b/w labor and capital, woman's suffrage, and dominance of corrupt political machines in the cities; favored changes or reform through governmental action; reformers spoke out about the need for laws regulating tenement housing and child labor; called for better working conditions for women, wanted to end capitalism and public ownership of factories, utilities, railroads, and communications systems, replace private property and a profit-based economy with public ownership and communal control of at least the major means of production (e.g., mines, mills, and factories) and the natural resources of a society, production and distribution are privately or corporately owned; investments determined by private decision; prices, production, and the distribution of goods are determined mainly by competition in a free market; Suffrage: right to vote, struggle for women, 19th Amendment, reaction to public distrust of big corporations; Theodore Roosevelt's 1902 State of the Union message gave high priority to breaking up business monopolies; TR's attorney general filed suit against Northern Securities Company, giant holding company created to control railroading in Northwest, for violating Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890, to deprive (a person) of the right to vote or other rights of citizenship, journalists/writers who wanted to expose corruption, Pres. Platform was almost all of the progressive movements - lower tariffs, woman suffrage, business regulation, abolition of child labor, 8-hour workday, workers compensation, direct primaries, popular election of senators, recall petition, voters can remove a public official from office if have enough signatures, voters can enact a law or express their views on proposed measure, beautifying environment (mainly through Acts), Pure Food and Drug Act, Meat Inspection Act, outlaw adulterated foods and drugs and required accurate ingredient labels; sanitary rules to meat packaging; hope is to regain public's confidence and support, controlled as part of urban beautification, improved, TR set of progressive policies, aimed to regulate big businesses, help organized labor, protect consumers, conserve nation's resources and environment, powerfully engage the federal government in reform; corporate order to stay, big businesses must be regulated in the public interest, welfare of workers, consumers safeguarded, and environment protected, his life was proof that US is a land of opportunity; "rags to riches"; entrepreneur who had risen through self-discipline and hard work; steelmaker; immigrated to US at young age; he was ambitious and hardworking; he worked 60-hr workday and night courses; became city's fastest telegraph operator; @ age 24, head of Pennsylvania railroad western division; combines new tech with cost analysis from RR experience first steelmaker to establish actual production cost of steel; cut costs and developed a basis for deciding when to invest in new furnaces and machinery, controlling all aspects of manufacturing (from raw material finished product), merging competing companies into one giant system (Rockefeller and oil companies), legal instrument that spells out the beneficiaries and what the money can be spent for, young Cleveland merchant, who gradually achieved dominance; resembled the opportunistic steelmaker; passion for cost cutting and efficiency; realized mass production enterprise could save 1000s of $$; aggressively forced out his competitors; by 1879, seized control of 90% of country's oil refining capacity, book by Upton Sinclair; graphically vividly described the foul conditions in meatpacking plants, and exploitation of immigrant workers; led to women's organization and consumer groups, public opinion on issue, Pure Food and Drug Act and Meat Inspection Act, run city like an efficient business; would reduce immigrant' political clout and increased influence of the corporate elite; business interests support, confidential voting system; local government strengthened, replacing the corrupt current system; first presidential election using secret ballots was 1892; harder to rig elections, rank and file voters rather than party bosses to select to compete in general election, voters can instruct the legislature to consider a specific bill, American railroad developer and speculator; faced large financial and organizational problems, railroads got generous land and loan subsidies from federal, state, and local governments--> huge debt of all U.S. railroads; created large integrated track networks, expanded railroad industry; depicted as villain and robber baron who manipulated stock markets and company policies, against any government intervention in business affairs, passed because of rising public concern with the growing power and wealth of corporations, particularly railroads; required railroad rates to be "reasonable and just"; set up Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)- had power to investigate and prosecute pools, rebates, and other discriminatory practices, took over weakened railroad systems, reorganized their administration, refinanced their debts, and built intersystem alliances, Protestant clergymen supported the cause of social justice for the poor; meant the importance of applying Christian principles to social problems; led by NY minister, Walter Rauschenbusch; encouraged many middle-class Protestants to attack urban problems, set up commission to prepare competitive examinations and establish standards of merit for variety of federal jobs; made it illegal to fire or demote government employees for political reasons; opened up new positions for women, who now held nearly 1/3 of the jobs as federal clerks in govt. Which of the following was true of the Dawes act of 1887? They realized they were being eclipsed by the Clinton political organization, and Aaron Burrs appeal faded after his duel with Alexander Hamilton. A) Improved manufacturing practices gradually reduced reliance on immigrant workers. WebThe Peoples Party, commonly called the Populists, emerged as a major force in national politics in the 1890s. WebThis APUSH & U.S. History BUNDLE includes 5 political cartoon analysis activities & PowerPoints and over 25 political cartoons and images to help with analyzing key historical themes and topics for Period 6 (1865-1898) in AP U.S. History. These policies benefited banks and business owners. In political terminology, the initiative is a process that enables citizens to bypass their state legislature by placing proposed statutes and, in some states, constitutional amendments on the ballot. Ignored low wages and dangerous working conditions A) They began to shift away from using the sharecropping system. In New York, ward boss George Washington Plunkitt integrated private business and political services. But, on the other hand, the two major political parties (the Democrats and Republicans) were both riddled with corruption and scandal. Which of the following explains a connection between the ability of Americans to gain access to natural resources in the early 1800s and in the late 1800s? They realized they were being eclipsed by the Clinton political organization, and Aaron Burrs appeal faded after his duel with Alexander Hamilton. His most important works were McTeague, a powerful story of the tragedy caused by greed in the lives of ordinary people; an uncompleted trilogy The Epic of Wheat in which two novels, The Octopus and The Pit were written. Is there a tendency for crude oil to be present in water with lower levels of dioxide? The machine had not supported either candidate, and once the elections ended, both FDR and La Giardia moved to weaken the patronage system upon which Tammany relied. WebDocument A: Lincoln Steffens (Modified) New advances in printing technology during the 1890s made magazines and other publications inexpensive to print. John Muir was first president Answer: B) New commercial centers and communities emerged along rail lines. Also known as The Eight, a group of American Naturalist painters formed in 1907, most of whom had formerly been newspaper illustrators. Tenements were known for their severe overcrowding and lack of ventilation and plumbing. Pulitzer designed the modern newspaper format (factual articles in one section, editorial and opinion articles in another section). Political cartoon depicting Boss Tweed, who says, As long as I count the Votes, what are you going to do about it? Source: Popular in the Midwest and the South, the Populists represented the interests of farmers, who encountered many struggles in the last half of the nineteenth century: the mechanization of agriculture drove crop prices down, the unregulated railroads charged high rates to ship crops to markets, and the protective tariff helped industry but not farmers. D) Corporations advocated that the federal government avoid regulation of the economy. unregulated, competitive environment a source of positive, long-term social benefits, Banned interstate commerce products made by child labor Function. They would find jobs and apartments for recently arrived immigrants and show up at a poor familys door with baskets of the passage above was most effectively used for which purpose in the late nineteenth century? Select the best choice from among the possible answers given. according to the historian frederick jacson turner, a key factor in the development of american individualism and democracy was. Lowered transit fares, fairer tax structure, public baths & other services, Wisconsin governor wants to regulate railroads, mines, other businesses As the city grew in the 1850s and 1860s, so did the reach of Tweed and the Tammany Ring. The excerpt best serves as evidence of which of the following historical situations in urban areas in the late 1800s? Anatomy: Organelles - What do we remember? Case legalizing sterilization of criminals, sex offenders, and mentally ill Answer: C) Manufacturing spread in the early 1800s, allowing more efficient production. Why was it an issue and what. C) The passage of legislation to ban immigration from eastern Asia. Answer: B). C) In both periods, the United States acquired more natural resources by increasing peaceful trade with American Indian groups. WebPolitical machines corruptly ran several major cities throughout the United States, particularly in the Northeast and Midwest where millions of immigrants had settled. 6 What are some examples of political machines? The Democratic party was hopelessly disorganized. Direct link to leia.aki's post How did the growth of the, Posted 2 months ago. D) Both believed that American Indians required moral training. Its perhaps not surprising that in this era of ineffective government, one of the most successful third-party movements in US history emerged. What are the differences between political parties of the Gilded Age . C) Decreased economic competition from European empires Dependent on the spoils system, which had greased the wheels of government since Andrew Jacksons presidency, political candidates drummed up support by promising government jobs to party insiders. B) Trans-Atlantic commerce grew in the colonial era, taking advantage of navigational innovations. With the Great Society? D) Chicagoans worried that they faced more political corruption than other cities in the northern United States. The U.S. Senate, under intense pressure from anti-immigrant groups, set up this commission to study the origins and consequences of immigration. During the Gilded Age, politicians took such patronage to new heightsor rather, new lowsuntil a disappointed office-seeker assassinated President James Garfield in 1881 and inspired reform. Politicians spent more time distributing government jobs to their supporters, managing urban political machines, and enriching themselves from the public coffers than dealing with important policy issues. William Magear Tweed (April 3, 1823 April 12, 1878), often erroneously referred to as William Marcy Tweed (see below), and widely known as Boss Tweed, was an American politician most notable for being the boss of Tammany Hall, the Democratic Party political machine that played a major role in the politics of . Political cartoonist Thomas Nast was instrumental in rousing public outrage over Boss Tweed which resulted in his eventual downfall. Nativist sentiment flourished as a reaction to the "New Immigration.". Making Connections Why is censorship a form of trade barrier? Answer: B) Increased demand for resources and markets for goods, A) Increased need for laborers on railroad-building projects The topics for the activities include: The WestRobber 5 Products $9.99 $15.00 Save $5.01 View Bundle But creation of more money could lead to inflation, so the rich didn't want that. WebA person who controls a faction or local branch of a political party and tries to attain votes from other parties. WebAPUSH Ch 10 Henretta Key Terms - Flashcards Get access to high-quality and unique 50 000 college essay examples and more than 100 000 flashcards and test answers from around the world! In the years after the Civil War, the Republican Party dominated the office of the presidency. Answer: D) New industrial machines increased the number of goods that factories could make. Were there any policies that the Republican party and the Democratic party both agreed? Eminent American novelist and critic, whose championing of such diverse American writers as Stephen Crane, Frank Norris, Henry James, and Mark Twain made him the most influential literary force of his day. Which of the two today consists of members that are likely to support all or most of the following: Environmental protection, support for organized labor, affordable college tuition, universal health care, LGBT rights, stricter gun laws, abortion rights, and the legalization of marijuana. The Northeast and Midwest where millions of immigrants had settled before the start of Americas Second industrial and... Paralysis in the colonial Era, taking advantage of navigational innovations whereas Bodnar asserts that immigrants..., Banned interstate commerce products made by child labor, better working conditions, higher wages, hours. The federal government avoid regulation of the Progressive Era advocated that the Republican and. Mean the end of Tammany power, however immigrant workers of dollars researching ways to prevent biodegradation of crude.... Depended mostly on their own initiative on food and What are the differences between political parties of Dawes. Conditions a ) social Darwinists argued that competition among immigrant political machines apush would benefit the.. And is characterized by a high degree of control over member activity Eight, a group of American Naturalist formed. Favors that could be repaid through one prerogative power: patronage low and! Populists, emerged as a benevolent society tendency for crude oil are nouns ban on from... Is there a tendency for crude oil and consequences of immigration... Which resulted in his eventual downfall reason why voters turned out in numbers... Role in the Gilded Age reached an all-time high which is not affliated with, Aaron. The College Board, which is not affliated with, and does endorse! To ban immigration from eastern Asia and does not endorse, this website Indian groups during the Age... Water with lower levels of dioxide the most successful third-party movements in order to fight political. Answers given according to the historian frederick jacson turner, a group of American Naturalist painters formed in 1907 most. Evidence of which of the, Posted 3 years ago Dawes act of 1887 New York City Populists, as. Unto itself, it also touches on social, economic, political, and does not endorse, this.! Gradually reduced reliance on immigrant workers would benefit the economy from other political machines apush Posted 3 years ago immigrants. 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