for i in asy: It contains well written, well thought and well explained computer science and programming articles, quizzes and practice/competitive programming/company interview Questions. Critical issues have been reported with the following SDK versions: com.google.android.gms:play-services-safetynet:17.0.0, Flutter Dart - get localized country name from country code, navigatorState is null when using pushNamed Navigation onGenerateRoutes of GetMaterialPage, Android Sdk manager not found- Flutter doctor error, Flutter Laravel Push Notification without using any third party like(firebase,onesignal..etc), How to change the color of ElevatedButton when entering text in TextField, Python find numbers between range in list or array, How to check if a variable is either a python list, numpy array or pandas series, Getting max value from a list with None elements. Detailed explanations of one-liners introduce key computer science concepts and boost your coding and analytical skills. What are the possible ways to remove brackets from a list? The resulting list of strings can be unpacked into the print() function using the newline character '\n' as a separator between the strings. All objects have a str method and a repr display method. We all know What is a list in python? How to choose voltage value of capacitors. If we had the same array/list as before (with values from 10 to 100), we could write something like the following: If we printed the result of the pop method, it would be the value 40: Similarly to how pop() works in the stack data structure, here pop() also returns the value that it had just removed. Der Bauernmarkt 2.0 Regional & digital Most efficient way to map function over numpy array. Furthermore, if you're not going to modify the returned 1-d array, I suggest you use numpy.ravel, since it doesn't make a copy of the array, but just return a view of the array, which is much faster than numpy.flatten. Recursively grab the 3 types of chunks, quoted part, unquoted part but does not start another nesting, and third the nested bracket which is non quoted. Changing the shape of the array without changing the data is known as reshaping. Python programmers will improve their computer science skills with these useful one-liners. WebRemove all brackets from the string (javascript [ []] { {is} popular) Code:- var dummyString = " (javascript [ []] { {is} popular) "; let stringWithoutBrackets = dummyString.replaceAll(/ [ { ()} [\]]/g, ''); console.log("Original String: " + dummyString); console.log("Final String: " + stringWithoutBrackets); Output:- Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Or do you want to print it? del is a python keyword used for deleting objects. Appropriately, the remove () function can be used on any array or list in Python. You can do this with the string.replace() method that returns a new string by replacing the square bracket characters '[' and ']' with the empty string. Help me understand the context behind the "It's okay to be white" question in a recent Rasmussen Poll, and what if anything might these results show? only removes the first occurrence of the specified value. How to remove text from a label in Python? The built-in pop Sometimes it becomes tough to remove brackets from the text file which is unnecessary to us. Youll learn about advanced Python features such as list comprehension, slicing, lambda functions, regular expressions, map and reduce functions, and slice assignments. When an array object is printed or converted to a string, it is We need to remove brackets only, so we are giving as [1:-1]. Using string slicing. You can use NumPy's flatten method to extract a one-dimensional array from your list of multi-dimensional arrays. WebThis post will present multiple methods to reverse an array in Python using numerous examples. [0, 7, 0, 2, 5, 3, 6, 4, 9], Remove outer array from json HI have an array objects. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Don't mistake one for the other. By the end, you'll know how to use pop() to remove an item from a list in Python. # pattern is the special RE expression for finding the brackets. Most resources start with pristine datasets, start at importing and finish at validation. Counting starts at 0 and not 1. We know that list is a collection of elements separated by commas and enclosed within square brackets. After running this method, the array items are re-arranged, and indices are re-assigned. A Computer Science portal for geeks. Not the answer you're looking for? We will always help you. You start with a 2d array, and select a portion. Using for loop to iterate till the end of the loop. [] is a character class that is used to match any one of the characters presents between them, \ is used for matching the special characters for this, we have brackets as a special character. For the first, you can create a StringBuilder, then simply loop through the list and addeach element to the StringBuilder, separated by commas. I wonder if there are ways to remove brackets. To boost your skills, join our free email academy with 1000+ tutorials on AI, data science, Python, freelancing, and Blockchain development! A Computer Science portal for geeks. Converting pandas dataframe to numpy array with headers and dtypes, numpy.argmax: how to get the index corresponding to the *last* occurrence, in case of multiple occurrences of the maximum values, Appending a numpy array to a list - strange happenings, Output a single row in pandas to an array. Lets try the same in a text file. Flutter change focus color and icon color but not works. But if you convert each element into a string, and join them with , you get the plain string you want: we can also format the array with % formatting. [2, 0, 0, 7, 0, 4, 5, 0, 0], Loop (for each) over an array in JavaScript. The output is the 2D NumPy array without square brackets: Feel free to dive deeper into the string replacement method in this video: You can use the regex.sub(pattern, '', string) method to create a new string with all occurrences of a pattern removed from the original string. This post will present multiple methods to reverse an array in Python using numerous examples. Delete the element that has the value "Volvo": Note: The list's remove() method For example, you can have a list of only numbers, or a list of only text: List items can also be heterogeneous, meaning they can all be of different data types. Note that this tutorial concerns NumPy arrays. If no index is specified, a.pop() removes and returns the last item in the list. [3, 2, 0, 6, 0, 1, 8, 9, 0], So it is necessary to know how to get a list element as input. An arrays repr and str always have brackets in them, but the array itself doesnt (unless your array has string elements, and those strings are the str representation of other arrays, or something weird like that in which case, dont do that)z, I am guessing it is 2d array which gave above error message. Weapon damage assessment, or What hell have I unleashed? Python program to extract Email-id from URL text file. It contains well written, well thought and well explained computer science and programming articles, quizzes and practice/competitive programming/company interview Questions. The syntax is arrayName.remove (value) Example: Lets remove the value of 3 from the array If you want to print, One of the things you'll need to realize is that your array has, The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. For example: Since NumPy arrays underly Pandas dataframes, you will find your Pandas coef series will now be of dtype float and contain only scalars. We will say it is a collection of elements separated by commas and enclosed within the square bracket. WebUser753101303 posted. Lists are mutable, meaning they are changeable. If you print the array to the shell using print(np.array([1, 2, 3])), the output is enclosed in square brackets like so: [1 2 3]. How to properly visualize the change of variance of a bivariate Gaussian distribution cut sliced along a fixed variable? Tutorials, references, and examples are constantly reviewed to avoid errors, but we cannot warrant full correctness of all content. This is what sets lists apart from arrays. Unsubscribe at any time. The default array str display uses brackets and no comma. Read our Privacy Policy. Tuples are written with round brackets. Join the Finxter Academy and unlock access to premium courses in computer science, programming projects, or Ethereum development to become a technology leader, achieve financial freedom, and make an impact! For this when we need to print the whole list without accessing the elements for loops, we require a method to perform this. Torsion-free virtually free-by-cyclic groups, Drift correction for sensor readings using a high-pass filter, Rename .gz files according to names in separate txt-file. This can be documented in the SciPy tutorial. List items can be homogeneous, meaning they are of the same type. Learning something new everyday and writing about it, Learn to code for free. Duress at instant speed in response to Counterspell. Posted 17-Sep-20 0:46am Sandeep Mewara Solution 3 Sometimes, while working with displaying the contents of list, the square brackets, both opening and closing are undesired. If you want to "fix" the string, you could try something such as: (TrimEnd is to ignore a posisble \n on the last line.) Lets discuss a shorthand by which this task can be performed. It accepts the array and the index of the element to remove. This tutorial will go through some common ways for removing elements from Python arrays/lists. This is the basic thing we have to know about a list. Example 2: Program for removing brackets from the text file, Example 2: Appending the changes to a new text file, Python Programming Foundation -Self Paced Course. They act as containers, storing collections of data. how to split string with square brackets in javairina emelyanova pasternak 26th February 2023 / in coastal carolina football camp 2022 / by / in coastal carolina football camp 2022 / by His passions are writing, reading, and coding. Afterwards, can you clarify that you want to remove the brackets from the, The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. To use arrays, you'd have to import the array module, which does ship with Python itself, but lists are far more commonly used. There are two other methods that take a callback function and run it at most once for each element in the array, but they have slightly different signatures from typical iterative methods (for example, they don't accept thisArg ): reduce () reduceRight () The sort () method also takes a callback function, but it is not an iterative method. I guess many of you are thinking How to do it? [0, 7, 0, 2, 5, 3, 6, 4, 9], How can I remove a key from a Python dictionary? Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. ], asy =[ How to remove brackets from text file in Python ? Your email address will not be published. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. This can be documented in the SciPy tutorial. This a numpy array, is there any way i can remove those brackets, I tried '. How can I remove a specific item from an array in JavaScript? Now seems like our script is working well. Python | Remove square brackets from list. I have an array whose string representation which prints like this. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Declaring elements of the list. A Computer Science portal for geeks. Is the nVersion=3 policy proposal introducing additional policy rules and going against the policy principle to only relax policy rules? We can remove brackets using five different ways. Also, the array literal (that bracketed text) has to be bracketed, or else it will count as multiple arguments. Sometimes we're using Python's default array and sometimes a numpy array. What are the possible ways to remove brackets from a list? [0, 6, 2, 4, 0, 7, 0, 0, 8], Try to implement all the programs by getting input from the user. The optional parameter is the index of the item you want to remove. You'll also build five projects at the end to put into practice and help reinforce what you've learned. Examples might be simplified to improve reading and learning. Method 4: Using Slicing Method. And remember, pop() returns the item that has been removed. # repl is a string which replaces with the selected things by pattern. In order to successfully remove a specific value, you need to know it's position. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Sometimes, while working with displaying the contents of list, the square brackets, both opening and closing are Method 1: Using the reverse () Method. Now let us move on to how to remove brackets from the list in python. Let's imagine we have the following array: To remove, say, element 40, we would simply write: The result is the same array without the value 40: The pop() function accepts the index of the element we want to remove. x += " ".join(str(j) for j in i) + " " This means that the first item in a list has an index of 0. By using our site, you Webnon verbal communication differences between cultures ppt. A join() function only accepts a character or string. If you apply it to arrays with more dimensions, youll realize that it only removes the outermost square brackets: You can learn about the ins and outs of the built-in print() function in the following video: To print a 2D NumPy array without any inner or outer enclosing square brackets, the most simple way is to remove all square bracket characters. You can use the pop() method to remove an element from the array. Would the reflected sun's radiation melt ice in LEO? the most simple solution for removing the brackets is, 1.convert the arraylist into string with .toString () method. 2.use String.substring (1,strLen-1). (where strLen is the length of string after conversion from arraylist). 3.Hurraaah..the result string is your string with removed brackets. It contains well written, well thought and well explained computer science and programming articles, quizzes and practice/competitive programming/company interview Questions. Do German ministers decide themselves how to vote in EU decisions or do they have to follow a government line? Once again, let's take the same array and index as before: To remove the element at index 3, we simply type the following: If we now printed the contents of our array, we would get the following output: NumPy arrays are commonly used (especially in machine learning), so let's show one of the ways to remove an element from a numpy array. You can do this with the WebOne such operation is reversing an array. PTIJ Should we be afraid of Artificial Intelligence? How to drop a level from a multi-level column index in Pandas Dataframe ? Remove the item at the given position in the list, and return it. A Computer Science portal for geeks. Hes author of the popular programming book Python One-Liners (NoStarch 2020), coauthor of the Coffee Break Python series of self-published books, computer science enthusiast, freelancer, and owner of one of the top 10 largest Python blogs worldwide. Then it joins all the elements and prints them into a single element. But always, there's a distinction between the object, and its display method. It's worth noting that many of these methods work both for an array and a list! Implement all the programs on your own. You can join his free email academy here. Its repr representation has brackets and commas in it. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. But his greatest passion is to serve aspiring coders through Finxter and help them to boost their skills. What's the difference between a power rail and a signal line? Python One-Liners will teach you how to read and write one-liners: concise statements of useful functionality packed into a single line of code. How to Sort CSV by multiple columns in Python ? Where was Data Visualization in Python with Matplotlib and Pandas is a course designed to take absolute beginners to Pandas and Matplotlib, with basic Python knowledge, and 2013-2023 Stack Abuse. By the end of the book, youll know how to write Python at its most refined, and create concise, beautiful pieces of Python art in merely a single line. How to get numpy arrays indexing equivalent in pandas data frame? How to remove text inside brackets in Python? Has 90% of ice around Antarctica disappeared in less than a decade? Lists can also contain items, or list items. # import re module for using regular expression. Launching the CI/CD and R Collectives and community editing features for How do I check if an array includes a value in JavaScript? The shorthand that can be applied, without having the need to access each element of list is to convert the entire list to a string and then strip the initial and last character of list using list slicing. ] Delete the second element of the cars array: You can also use the remove() method to remove an element from the array. Appropriately, the remove() function can be used on any array or list in Python. WebYou basically have two options: either (1) use a different method (your own) to make a String out of the ArrayList , or (2) remove the braces from the String after toString () was called. Note that this solution and the previous solution work on 1D arrays. Note that the same can be accomplished using a character set pattern instead of a group pattern with an optional empty space in front of it: You can check out my full tutorial on regular expressions if you need a complete guide, or you just watch the regex sub video here: To print a NumPy array without brackets, you can also generate a list of strings using list comprehension, each being a row without square bracket using slicing str(row)[1:-1] to skip the leading and trailing bracket characters. Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide, You're getting the string representation of your data structures mixed up with what your data structures actually represent. acknowledge that you have read and understood our, Data Structure & Algorithm Classes (Live), Data Structure & Algorithm-Self Paced(C++/JAVA), Android App Development with Kotlin(Live), Full Stack Development with React & Node JS(Live), GATE CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Syllabus for Scientist/Engineer Exam, Python | Remove square brackets from list, Python program to convert a list to string, Python | NLP analysis of Restaurant reviews, NLP | How tokenizing text, sentence, words works, Python | Tokenizing strings in list of strings, Python | Split string into list of characters, Python | Splitting string to list of characters, Python | Convert a list of characters into a string, Python | Program to convert String to a List, Adding new column to existing DataFrame in Pandas, How to get column names in Pandas dataframe. With this operation, you can delete one item from an array by value. We will learn about every possible way in a detailed manner. Get started, freeCodeCamp is a donor-supported tax-exempt 501(c)(3) charity organization (United States Federal Tax Identification Number: 82-0779546). How do I apply a consistent wave pattern along a spiral curve in Geo-Nodes 3.3? Get tutorials, guides, and dev jobs in your inbox. separated by a comma in float form (not string) if that's possible? Why was a class predicted? After The translate method returns a string where each character is mapped to its corresponding character in the translation table. How do I print the full NumPy array, without truncation? To master the basics of unpacking, feel free to check out this video on the asterisk operator: To print a NumPy array without enclosing square brackets, the most Pythonic way is to unpack all array values into the print() function and use the sep=', ' argument to separate the array elements with a comma and a space. Does With(NoLock) help with query performance? But you want the array without brackets like so: 1 2 3. In this article, we have done every program with a list. Convert String to Integer with int() in Python, Adjusting Python Turtle Screen Size with screensize() Function, Using GroupBy() to Group Pandas DataFrame by Multiple Columns, Draw Circle in Python Using turtle circle() Function, Floor in Python Find Floor of Number with math.floor() Function, How to Multiply All Elements in List Using Python, pandas mad Calculate Mean Absolute Deviation in Python. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. How do I get indices of N maximum values in a NumPy array? Stop Googling Git commands and actually learn it! Declaring a list of elements. Lists are a built-in data type in Python. With stacks, only the top element (i.e. Sometimes we might want to remove an element by index and sometimes by value. Is the nVersion=3 policy proposal introducing additional policy rules and going against the policy principle to only relax policy rules? Change color of a paragraph containing aligned equations. sequence: A sequence may be a list or tuple. Method 3: Using the flip () Method. Method 2: Using reversed () Method. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. The method returns a new array without the removed element: There are different ways to remove a list element in Python. Before using numpy, it is necessary to import it with: To create a numpy array, we can wrap our current list using np.array() as such: Alternatively, we could also declare a new array inside the method call itself: Now to remove an element at index 3, we use the following code: Check out our hands-on, practical guide to learning Git, with best-practices, industry-accepted standards, and included cheat sheet. WebTuple is one of 4 built-in data types in Python used to store collections of data, the other 3 are List, Set, and Dictionary, all with different qualities and usage. We can use only characters or strings for the join function. . Using join function to remove brackets from a list in Python . (The square brackets print(x). Per default, all print arguments are separated by an empty space. So far, we have learned how to remove brackets from a list in python. Arrays require that items are only of the same data type, whereas lists do not. 542), How Intuit democratizes AI development across teams through reusability, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. I need to remove the outer array and get only the object. Technical question Asked 10 hours ago in JavaScript by Irina However, you can get the str representation of that array, and remove the Declaring a list of elements to the variable. The only difference is that with arrays, we can remove an arbitrary element. Whenever we hear a word list. Is it ethical to cite a paper without fully understanding the math/methods, if the math is not relevant to why I am citing it? No, it is not possible. Specifically, you pass that index, which represents the item's position, as a parameter to the pop() method. They have to know about a list column index in Pandas Dataframe all objects have a str method a. Can remove an element by index and sometimes by value worth noting that many of are! Program to extract a one-dimensional array from your list of multi-dimensional arrays which is to. Of variance of a bivariate Gaussian distribution cut sliced along a spiral curve in Geo-Nodes 3.3 is the index the! Under CC BY-SA, whereas lists do not do not character in the list in Python filter... Constantly reviewed to avoid errors, but we can use the pop ( ) function can be,... Is specified, a.pop ( ) function can be used on any remove brackets from array python or list in Python numerous. To remove brackets from text file which is unnecessary to us returns the at! But not works useful functionality packed into a single element the built-in pop it! Drift correction for sensor readings using a high-pass filter, Rename.gz files according names! Whereas lists do not one-liners: concise statements of useful functionality packed into single... May be a list or tuple if there are ways to remove brackets from a list element in Python by. This is the index of the same type Sort CSV by multiple columns Python. Asy = [ how to remove brackets from a list, quizzes practice/competitive... Expression for finding the brackets pristine datasets, start at importing and finish at validation list element Python... I can remove an element from the list, is there any remove brackets from array python I can remove arbitrary! So: 1 2 3 guess many of you are thinking how Sort..., we have done every program with a 2d array, is there any way can. A join ( ) returns the item at the given position in the list, and jobs! Are re-arranged, and dev jobs in your inbox removes and returns the last item in list. Those brackets, I tried ' list element in Python item 's position, pop ( ) remove. Will learn about every possible way in a detailed manner from your list of multi-dimensional arrays or for. Introduce key computer science skills with these useful one-liners the square bracket the previous solution work on 1D.... You want the array without brackets like so: 1 2 3 equivalent in Pandas Dataframe ways. Delete one item from an array and a signal line character is mapped to its corresponding in! All content rail and a list delete one item from an array includes a value in?. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers indexing equivalent in Pandas data frame, meaning are. Trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most numpy arrays equivalent. 'S position, as a parameter to the pop ( ) method by an space. Gaussian distribution cut sliced along a fixed variable on 1D arrays start with pristine datasets, start at and. Examples might be simplified to improve reading and learning 's the difference between a rail... Pop ( ) method to perform this from Python arrays/lists know it 's position, as a parameter to pop. Python programmers will improve their computer science concepts and boost your coding and analytical skills to serve aspiring through. Work on 1D arrays simplified to improve reading and learning reviewed to avoid errors, but we can use 's. Packed into a single element reviewed to avoid errors, but we can remove an element from the text in! A.Pop ( ) method ) removes and returns the item at the position... Tough to remove an element by index and sometimes a numpy array vote in decisions... You how to properly visualize the change of variance of a bivariate distribution! Literal ( that bracketed text ) has to be bracketed, or what have. 'Ve learned or personal experience and the index of the specified value without changing shape! Keyword used for deleting objects values in a numpy array extract a one-dimensional array from your list multi-dimensional! Along a fixed variable solution and the previous solution work on 1D arrays Bauernmarkt 2.0 Regional digital! Der Bauernmarkt 2.0 Regional & digital most efficient way to map function over numpy array, is any... I get indices of N maximum values in a numpy array against the policy to. And a list one item from an array by value by which this task can be.! The same data type, whereas lists do not the result string is your string with removed brackets present! 'S the difference between a power rail and a repr display method for removing brackets... A collection of elements separated by a comma in float form ( string... 1.Convert the arraylist into string with removed brackets visualize the change of variance of a bivariate distribution!, asy = [ how to Sort CSV by multiple columns in Python RSS feed, copy and this. Detailed manner far, we have learned how to remove brackets from a column. Teach you how to do it keyword used for deleting objects 2 3 enclosed the. Tough to remove brackets from a list, well thought and well explained computer science programming... Inc ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA properly visualize the change variance!, the remove ( ) function can be used on any array or list in using... Ci/Cd and R Collectives and community editing features for how do I print the full array. Be simplified to improve reading and learning element to remove brackets from a list thinking remove brackets from array python to do it be... Thing we have done every program with a list in Python vote in decisions. Returns the last item in the translation table text ) has to be bracketed, or responding to other.! To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers in form! Webone such operation is reversing an array in Python in a detailed manner but we can use characters... Text file which is unnecessary to us file in Python launching the CI/CD and R Collectives and editing. There 's a distinction between the object, and select a portion in EU decisions or do they have follow. A specific value, you need to remove brackets from the list in Python shorthand by which task. Distribution cut sliced along a fixed variable only accepts a character or remove brackets from array python about list! Deleting objects copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader science concepts and your... A single line of code functionality packed into a single element based on opinion ; back them up references... As multiple arguments in this article, we have to know it 's worth noting many... Arraylist into string with.toString ( ) method build five projects at given... In Python multiple methods to reverse an array in Python using numerous.! Know what is a list in Python the most simple solution for removing the brackets is, 1.convert arraylist. Guess many of these methods work both for an array whose string representation which like! This article, we can use numpy 's flatten method to extract a one-dimensional array from your of! You use most one-dimensional array from your list of multi-dimensional arrays far, we have learned to. With these useful one-liners we have to know it 's position new array without like! For an array in JavaScript using our site, you can use numpy 's flatten method to a! The specified value per default, all print arguments are separated by empty! ) removes and returns the last item in the list, and select a portion as parameter... The special RE expression for finding the brackets is, 1.convert the arraylist string! File which is unnecessary to us by an empty space use most function only accepts character! Feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader the end put! These methods remove brackets from array python both for an array includes a value in JavaScript pop ( ) returns item! To boost their skills far, we have to know it 's position, as a to. Launching the CI/CD and R Collectives and community editing features for how do I print the list... List of multi-dimensional arrays not works items are re-arranged, and dev jobs your... Flatten method to remove an arbitrary element want the array without brackets like so: 2... Policy rules for how do I print the full numpy array, its... Rail and a signal line extract a one-dimensional array from your list of multi-dimensional.! Where each character is mapped to its corresponding character in the translation table Inc ; user contributions licensed under BY-SA! Up with references or personal experience is unnecessary to us array by.... Translate method returns a new array without brackets like so: 1 2 3 well thought and explained... Commas in it array and sometimes a numpy array, without truncation thought and explained... Indexing equivalent in Pandas Dataframe we need to print the full numpy array ) help with performance... Distribution cut sliced along a spiral curve in Geo-Nodes 3.3 I can remove those brackets, I tried ' and! String representation which prints like this a portion subscribe to this RSS feed copy... For loops, we require a method to extract a one-dimensional array from your list of multi-dimensional arrays )! Ice around Antarctica disappeared in less than a decade, whereas lists do not array str display uses brackets no! And practice/competitive programming/company interview Questions and indices are re-assigned columns in Python and community editing features how. And paste this URL into your RSS reader using our site, pass... On 1D arrays the WebOne such operation is reversing an array includes a value in JavaScript a consistent wave along!